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Fiber is an element, which can be made up of materials of different nature, characterized by flexibility, finesse and a high ratio between length and diameter.
Textile fibers are obviously those fibers suitable for textile applications. They can be obtained
directly from nature (natural textile fibers) or man-made ("tecnofibre"). The history of textile fibers is closely linked to that of man and to the evolution of his
over the centuries.
In fact, textile production was born as a primitive craftsmanship that sprang from man's need for
dressing to protect themselves from the external elements and has subsequently expanded and diversified, likewise
step with the desire of man to improve his living conditions and with the development of the
aesthetic waxes. In the beginning, man made use of what was spontaneously offered by nature
(vegetable and animal fibers).
Only towards the end of the last century and especially with the beginning of the current one, characterized by a strong
scientific and technological progress, man, replacing nature and emulating it, discovers and
leads the "techno-fibers" to cope with the continuous demographic growth and satisfy the new and
needs of modern society.
Consumer needs essentially depend on three factors:
1. fashion;
2. the price;
3. the properties of use.
The blends of techno-fibers and natural fibers have the role of reconciling the wearing properties of
traditional natural fibers and the easy maintenance requirements characteristic of modern techno-fibers.
Natural fibers
They are the fibers taken from materials existing in nature and used by mechanical processing, but
without modifying its structure. They are of vegetable, animal and mineral origin.
Between the vegetable fibres the most commonly used are:
Cotton (fig. 1).
It is the most widespread vegetable textile fiber in the world,
taken from the capsule of a bushy plant
(Gosypium). It presents characteristics of freshness
and resistance. Tends to shrink after the first wash
thu, is easily creased and is unsuitable for drape-
worse. Its quality is defined by the color (degree
whiteness), length (lime), finesse and robust
stezza. Cotton is used in all fields
of clothing and furnishings, pure or in
melee.
Natural fibers
Linen (fig. 2).
It is the oldest and most valuable natural fiber, taken from
book (cortical layer) of a herbaceous plant
(Linum usitatissimum). The fibrous part is obtained
by macerating the bark of the plant
ta. This fiber has excellent hygroscopicity, fre-
shortness, wear resistance, tenacity, durability. For the
its comfort and its freshness linen is used
go in clothing, in household linen
and in the furnishings.
Hemp (fig. 3).
This fiber comes from the Cannabis book
sativa. It has high strength, good absorption
strength, poor elongation at break and wrinkles
it goes easily. It looks like linen, compared to
which, however, is more rigid, rough and less shiny.
Being woody, this fiber lends itself little to
draping and knitting. It's fiber
very appropriate for making ropes e
cordage.
Jute.
It is a fiber that is obtained from the book of some shrubs. It has very lignified cellulose: the artifacts
therefore they are coarse and rigid. It is widely used in the manufacture of packing bags and
of rustic and furnishing fabrics, but it is not very resistant and easily deteriorates when subjected to humidity.
Other plant fibers: ramie, sisal, coconut, broom, hibiscus.
Wool (fig. 4).
It is the most widespread and important animal fiber and
it constitutes the fleece of various sheep breeds.
Its physical characteristics, i.e. finesse and long
length, are directly influenced by the period
do della tosa, the variety of breeds and the
coming of the sheep. Quality is valued principally
palely on the basis of length, finesse
and curls: the finer and more curled the fiber,
the more it is valuable. Thanks to its particular
structure possesses excellent qualities and properties,
such as hygroscopicity, strong thermal protection (insulation), elasticity, breathability, wear resistance
and the flame. These characteristics are changing in relation to temperature and humidity. There
wool is used in all fields of textiles, pure or blended with other fibers.
It is good to open a parenthesis on the meaning of the expressions "carded wool" and "worsted wool".
Services
After the sale of the machinery we also assist you in logistics and if desired by the customer we have technicians capable of reassembling and starting the machinery.
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